Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten leads to damage to the small intestine. It affects millions of people, but many remain undiagnosed due to the wide variety of symptoms. Playing a central role in identifying this condition, gastroenterologists can guide patients toward a healthier life. They specialize in the digestive system and have the specific expertise needed to accurately confirm a diagnosis.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Identifying celiac disease often begins with a review of your medical history and specific blood tests. If these tests suggest celiac disease, a gastroenterologist will typically perform an upper endoscopy to examine the small intestine. This procedure allows the doctor to take small tissue samples, or biopsies, and these samples are then examined under a microscope for signs of damage to the villi.
Initial Screening
The first step usually involves serology testing to detect antibodies that are elevated in people with untreated celiac disease. Continue eating gluten before these tests, for avoiding gluten can cause false-negative results. If blood work is positive, the biopsy provides the definitive confirmation needed to start treatment.
Dietary Changes
The primary treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet; a gastroenterologist will explain which foods contain gluten, such as wheat, barley, and rye. They often work alongside a registered dietitian to help you navigate food labels and avoid cross-contamination in your kitchen. This dietary shift allows the intestine to heal and symptoms to resolve over time.
Monitoring and Management
Once you receive a diagnosis, your relationship with your gastroenterologist shifts to long-term management. Regular follow-up appointments are significant, and they confirm that your body is healing and that you are maintaining a gluten-free lifestyle effectively. Your doctor will monitor your antibody levels to confirm they are decreasing, indicating that the diet is working.
During these visits, your gastroenterologist will focus on several key areas:
- Nutritional Deficiencies: They will check for low levels of iron, calcium, vitamin D, and B vitamins, which are common due to malabsorption.
- Bone Density: Since celiac disease can affect bone health, they may recommend a bone density scan to screen for osteoporosis or osteopenia.
- Symptom Review: They will discuss any lingering digestive issues to rule out other conditions, such as lactose intolerance or microscopic colitis.
- Antibody Testing: Periodic blood tests help confirm that you are not accidentally ingesting gluten.
Complications and Education
While most patients respond well to a gluten-free diet, some may experience persistent symptoms or complications. Refractory celiac disease is a rare condition in which the intestine fails to heal despite a strict diet, and a gastroenterologist is recommended for managing this complex condition. They also provide education regarding the risk of associated autoimmune disorders, such as thyroid disease or type 1 diabetes. Understanding these risks empowers you to stay vigilant about your overall health.
Talk to a Gastroenterologist Today
Living with celiac disease requires significant lifestyle adjustments, but you do not have to manage it alone. A gastroenterologist provides the medical expertise and support necessary to navigate diagnosis, treatment, and long-term wellness. If you suspect you have celiac disease or need help managing your condition, schedule an appointment with a specialist. They can offer the guidance you need to protect your health and improve your quality of life.
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